MasoreticaBiblical Manuscript Explorer

Manuscript page collections

Illustrated and decorated pages

Drawings, painted scenes, cut-parchment designs, and illustrated initials that add a visual programme beyond ordinary scribal decoration. Artistic Masoretic micrography and carpet pages have their own collections.

219 pages

Curated text collection

Deuterocanonical and related texts

Some biblical manuscripts—including witnesses in the Masoretic tradition—preserve works outside the Jewish canon beside Scripture or its Aramaic Targum. This guide explains the texts, manuscripts, and scholarship, and updates automatically as occurrences are added.

3 texts · 9 occurrences · 6 manuscripts

Folio 3 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 3 rectoFolio 3r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 11 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 11 versoFolio 11v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 20 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 20 versoFolio 20v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 28 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 28 versoFolio 28v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 39 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 39 rectoFolio 39r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 46 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 46 rectoFolio 46r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 53 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 53 versoFolio 53v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 63 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 63 rectoFolio 63r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 73 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 73 rectoFolio 73r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 80 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 80 versoFolio 80v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 90 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 90 versoFolio 90v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 98 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 98 rectoFolio 98r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 104 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 104 versoFolio 104v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 113 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 113 versoFolio 113v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 122 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 122 versoFolio 122v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 131 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 131 rectoFolio 131r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 140 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 140 rectoFolio 140r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 146 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 146 versoFolio 146v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 155 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 155 rectoFolio 155r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 161 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 161 versoFolio 161v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 169 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 169 rectoFolio 169r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 179 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 179 versoFolio 179v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 188 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 188 rectoFolio 188r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 195 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 195 rectoFolio 195r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 203 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 203 versoFolio 203v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 211 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 211 rectoFolio 211r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 217 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 217 rectoFolio 217r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 222 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 222 rectoFolio 222r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 228 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 228 versoFolio 228v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 234 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 234 versoFolio 234v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 239 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 239 rectoFolio 239r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 247 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 247 versoFolio 247v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 251 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 251 versoFolio 251v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 257 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 257 versoFolio 257v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 267 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 267 versoFolio 267v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 279 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 279 versoFolio 279v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 288 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 288 versoFolio 288v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 296 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 296 rectoFolio 296r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 303 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 303 versoFolio 303v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 310 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 310 versoFolio 310v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 318 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 318 versoFolio 318v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 329 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 329 versoFolio 329v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 337 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 337 rectoFolio 337r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 345 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 345 rectoFolio 345r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 353 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 353 rectoFolio 353r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 363 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 363 rectoFolio 363r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 372 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 372 versoFolio 372v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 383 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 383 rectoFolio 383r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 390 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 390 versoFolio 390v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 399 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 399 rectoFolio 399r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 407 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 407 versoFolio 407v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 411 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 411 rectoFolio 411r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 419 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 419 rectoFolio 419r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 423 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 423 rectoFolio 423r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 439 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 439 rectoFolio 439r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 452 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 452 rectoFolio 452r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 458 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 458 versoFolio 458v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 466 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 466 versoFolio 466v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 487 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 487 rectoFolio 487r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 488 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 488 rectoFolio 488r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 489 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 489 versoFolio 489v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 491 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 491 rectoFolio 491r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 573 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 573 versoFolio 573v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 575 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 575 rectoFolio 575r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 576 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 576 versoFolio 576v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 577 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 577 versoFolio 577v: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 580 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 580 rectoFolio 580r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 582 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 582 rectoFolio 582r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 583 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 583 rectoFolio 583r: one member of the complete reviewed series of painted weekly-reading and book openings, where enlarged lettering and colored penwork make a textual transition visible within the one-column page.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 111 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 111 rectoFolio 111r: the decorated name of Hayim de-Kofdana is organized as a conspicuous textual design rather than an ordinary rectangular writing block.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 340 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 340 rectoFolio 340r: a diagrammatic Masoretic composition is organized as a conspicuous textual design rather than an ordinary rectangular writing block.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 341 recto, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 341 rectoFolio 341r: a facing diagrammatic Masoretic composition is organized as a conspicuous textual design rather than an ordinary rectangular writing block.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 344 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 344 versoFolio 344v: the decorated signature cartouches of Mordekhai Emendante is organized as a conspicuous textual design rather than an ordinary rectangular writing block.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 438 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 438 versoFolio 438v: the shaped closing composition of Esther is organized as a conspicuous textual design rather than an ordinary rectangular writing block.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 485 verso, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 485 versoFolio 485v: the descending closing composition of Ecclesiastes is organized as a conspicuous textual design rather than an ordinary rectangular writing block.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 633 recto · decorated name of Hayim de-Kofdana within later notes · no primary indexed biblical text, British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)

British Library Or. 2696 (Ashkenazi Pentateuch, Five Scrolls, and haftarot)Folio 633 recto · decorated name of Hayim de-Kofdana within later notes · no primary indexed biblical textFolio 633r: the later decorated name of Hayim de-Kofdana is organized as a conspicuous textual design rather than an ordinary rectangular writing block.No indexed biblical text

Folio 1 verso, Duke of Sussex’s German Pentateuch (British Library Add MS 15282, 1300–1324)

Duke of Sussex’s German Pentateuch (British Library Add MS 15282, 1300–1324)Folio 1 versoFolio 1v: Genesis opens with a monumental בראשית panel set in Gothic architecture and populated by animals and hybrid creatures.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 75 verso, Duke of Sussex’s German Pentateuch (British Library Add MS 15282, 1300–1324)

Duke of Sussex’s German Pentateuch (British Library Add MS 15282, 1300–1324)Folio 75 versoFolio 75v: Exodus opens with ואלה inside a full-page architectural frame of zodiac medallions, dragons, and griffins.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 137 recto, Duke of Sussex’s German Pentateuch (British Library Add MS 15282, 1300–1324)

Duke of Sussex’s German Pentateuch (British Library Add MS 15282, 1300–1324)Folio 137 rectoFolio 137r: Leviticus opens with ויקרא amid heraldic eagles, lions, and Gothic architecture.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 179 verso, Duke of Sussex’s German Pentateuch (British Library Add MS 15282, 1300–1324)

Duke of Sussex’s German Pentateuch (British Library Add MS 15282, 1300–1324)Folio 179 versoFolio 179v: Numbers opens with וידבר in a full-page composition of armoured figures, architecture, and hybrid beasts.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 238 recto, Duke of Sussex’s German Pentateuch (British Library Add MS 15282, 1300–1324)

Duke of Sussex’s German Pentateuch (British Library Add MS 15282, 1300–1324)Folio 238 rectoFolio 238r: Deuteronomy opens with אלה amid Gothic architecture, a six-pointed star, a crowned bear, dragons, and human figures.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 294 recto, Duke of Sussex’s German Pentateuch (British Library Add MS 15282, 1300–1324)

Duke of Sussex’s German Pentateuch (British Library Add MS 15282, 1300–1324)Folio 294 rectoFolio 294r: Ruth opens beneath a gold, blue, and red initial-word panel with beasts and a floral border.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 296 verso, Duke of Sussex’s German Pentateuch (British Library Add MS 15282, 1300–1324)

Duke of Sussex’s German Pentateuch (British Library Add MS 15282, 1300–1324)Folio 296 versoFolio 296v: Song of Songs begins in a Gothic initial-word panel flanked by lions on the shared transition from Ruth.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 302 recto, Duke of Sussex’s German Pentateuch (British Library Add MS 15282, 1300–1324)

Duke of Sussex’s German Pentateuch (British Library Add MS 15282, 1300–1324)Folio 302 rectoFolio 302r: Ecclesiastes opens with David playing a harp beneath a painted field of zodiac animals.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 307 verso, Duke of Sussex’s German Pentateuch (British Library Add MS 15282, 1300–1324)

Duke of Sussex’s German Pentateuch (British Library Add MS 15282, 1300–1324)Folio 307 versoFolio 307v: Esther opens in a painted panel with armed figures and dragons.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 314 recto, Duke of Sussex’s German Pentateuch (British Library Add MS 15282, 1300–1324)

Duke of Sussex’s German Pentateuch (British Library Add MS 15282, 1300–1324)Folio 314 rectoFolio 314r: the haftarah cycle opens under a coloured architectural initial-word panel with ornamental marginal writing below.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 218 recto, Duke of Sussex’s German Pentateuch (British Library Add MS 15282, 1300–1324)

Duke of Sussex’s German Pentateuch (British Library Add MS 15282, 1300–1324)Folio 218 rectoFolio 218r: a small lion drawn in ink occupies the upper outer corner above the running Numbers text.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 1rFolio 1r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 3rFolio 3r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 3vFolio 3v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 7vFolio 7v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 9vFolio 9v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 10rFolio 10r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 10vFolio 10v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 11rFolio 11r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 14vFolio 14v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 15vFolio 15v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 16rFolio 16r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 17rFolio 17r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 18rFolio 18r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 18vFolio 18v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 19vFolio 19v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 20rFolio 20r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 20vFolio 20v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 21rFolio 21r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 21vFolio 21v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 22vFolio 22v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 23vFolio 23v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 24vFolio 24v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 25vFolio 25v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 26rFolio 26r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 26vFolio 26v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 30rFolio 30r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 31vFolio 31v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 32vFolio 32v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 33rFolio 33r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 39vFolio 39v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 44vFolio 44v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 46rFolio 46r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 46vFolio 46v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 47vFolio 47v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 49rFolio 49r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 49vFolio 49v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 51rFolio 51r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 56rFolio 56r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 58vFolio 58v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Genesis illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 67vFolio 67v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Exodus illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 72vFolio 72v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Exodus illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 73rFolio 73r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Exodus illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 73vFolio 73v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Exodus illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 74rFolio 74r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Exodus illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 74vFolio 74v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Exodus illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 75rFolio 75r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Exodus illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 75vFolio 75v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Exodus illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 78rFolio 78r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Exodus illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 78vFolio 78v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Exodus illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 83rFolio 83r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Exodus illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 83vFolio 83v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Exodus illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 84vFolio 84v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Exodus illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 86vFolio 86v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Exodus illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 87vFolio 87v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Exodus illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 91rFolio 91r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Exodus illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 92rFolio 92r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Exodus illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 103vFolio 103v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Exodus illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 119vFolio 119v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Exodus illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 120rFolio 120r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Leviticus illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 130rFolio 130r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Leviticus illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 132vFolio 132v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Leviticus illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 153vFolio 153v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Leviticus illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 155vFolio 155v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Leviticus illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 165vFolio 165v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Numbers illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 170vFolio 170v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Numbers illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 181vFolio 181v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Numbers illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 190rFolio 190r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Numbers illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 190vFolio 190v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Numbers illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 194vFolio 194v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Numbers illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 203rFolio 203r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Numbers illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 216rFolio 216r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Deuteronomy illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 219rFolio 219r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Deuteronomy illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 228rFolio 228r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Deuteronomy illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 235vFolio 235v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Deuteronomy illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 240vFolio 240v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Deuteronomy illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 248vFolio 248v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Deuteronomy illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 252vFolio 252v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Deuteronomy illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 253vFolio 253v: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Deuteronomy illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 259rFolio 259r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Deuteronomy illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 261rFolio 261r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Deuteronomy illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 262rFolio 262r: one of Bezalel Narkiss's documented Deuteronomy illustrations, where Shlomo's pen drawing, shaped commentary, decorated catchword, or opening design interprets the biblical text and Rashi together.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 1v, Metropolitan Museum Hebrew Bible 2018.59 (formerly Utopia cod. 6, 1300–1350)

Metropolitan Museum Hebrew Bible 2018.59 (formerly Utopia cod. 6, 1300–1350)Folio 1vFolio 1v: the opening of Genesis combines enlarged biblical lettering with a reviewed micrographic Masoretic design.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 33v, Metropolitan Museum Hebrew Bible 2018.59 (formerly Utopia cod. 6, 1300–1350)

Metropolitan Museum Hebrew Bible 2018.59 (formerly Utopia cod. 6, 1300–1350)Folio 33vFolio 33v: the opening of Exodus combines enlarged biblical lettering with a reviewed micrographic Masoretic design.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 59v, Metropolitan Museum Hebrew Bible 2018.59 (formerly Utopia cod. 6, 1300–1350)

Metropolitan Museum Hebrew Bible 2018.59 (formerly Utopia cod. 6, 1300–1350)Folio 59vFolio 59v: the opening of Leviticus combines enlarged biblical lettering with a reviewed micrographic Masoretic design.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 77v, Metropolitan Museum Hebrew Bible 2018.59 (formerly Utopia cod. 6, 1300–1350)

Metropolitan Museum Hebrew Bible 2018.59 (formerly Utopia cod. 6, 1300–1350)Folio 77vFolio 77v: the opening of Numbers combines enlarged biblical lettering with a reviewed micrographic Masoretic design.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 102v, Metropolitan Museum Hebrew Bible 2018.59 (formerly Utopia cod. 6, 1300–1350)

Metropolitan Museum Hebrew Bible 2018.59 (formerly Utopia cod. 6, 1300–1350)Folio 102vFolio 102v: the opening of Deuteronomy combines enlarged biblical lettering with a reviewed micrographic Masoretic design.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 125v, Metropolitan Museum Hebrew Bible 2018.59 (formerly Utopia cod. 6, 1300–1350)

Metropolitan Museum Hebrew Bible 2018.59 (formerly Utopia cod. 6, 1300–1350)Folio 125vFolio 125v: the opening of Joshua combines enlarged biblical lettering with a reviewed micrographic Masoretic design.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 326r · shaped Psalm 112 acrostic copied separately before the continuous Psalter, Metropolitan Museum Hebrew Bible 2018.59 (formerly Utopia cod. 6, 1300–1350)

Metropolitan Museum Hebrew Bible 2018.59 (formerly Utopia cod. 6, 1300–1350)Folio 326r · shaped Psalm 112 acrostic copied separately before the continuous PsalterFolio 326r: the complete acrostic Psalm 112 is arranged as a narrowing shaped display before the continuous Psalter.Contains indexed biblical text

Volume 4 · fol. 162v, Rösel Bible (Berlin Mss. or. fol. 1–4)

Rösel Bible (Berlin Mss. or. fol. 1–4)Volume 4 · fol. 162vVolume 4, fol. 162v: the end of Song of Songs is arranged in narrowing and widening text blocks beside pen drawings of a griffin-like creature and a mounted human figure, forming one half of the decorated transition to Lamentations.No indexed biblical text

Folio 123 recto, British Library Or. 2365 (Yemenite Masoretic Pentateuch)

British Library Or. 2365 (Yemenite Masoretic Pentateuch)Folio 123 rectoFolio 123r: an outlined ink panel intended to hold Masoretic notes was left unfinished beneath the final lines of Leviticus, preserving the planned decorative structure before Numbers begins on the verso.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 302r recto · Ezekiel concludes in a decorated panel, Duke of Sussex Bible (British Library Add MS 15252, 1350–1374)

Duke of Sussex Bible (British Library Add MS 15252, 1350–1374)Folio 302r recto · Ezekiel concludes in a decorated panelFolio 302r: the end of Ezekiel is compressed into a decorated panel whose colored pen-flourish and micrographic setting make the book transition visible.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 3 verso · full-page menorah and Temple implements miniature · no indexed biblical text, Duke of Sussex’s Catalan Bible (British Library Add MS 15250, 1350–1374)

Duke of Sussex’s Catalan Bible (British Library Add MS 15250, 1350–1374)Folio 3 verso · full-page menorah and Temple implements miniature · no indexed biblical textFolio 3v: a painted full-page architectural diagram presents the first half of the Temple-implement ensemble; the surface has no continuous indexed biblical text.No indexed biblical text

Folio 4 recto · full-page Temple implements miniature · no indexed biblical text, Duke of Sussex’s Catalan Bible (British Library Add MS 15250, 1350–1374)

Duke of Sussex’s Catalan Bible (British Library Add MS 15250, 1350–1374)Folio 4 recto · full-page Temple implements miniature · no indexed biblical textFolio 4r: the facing painted diagram completes the Temple-implement ensemble immediately before the biblical codex.No indexed biblical text

4th upper flyleaf recto, Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 144th upper flyleaf rectoFourth upper flyleaf recto: an eighteenth-century added frontispiece, copied from the 1712 Amsterdam Haggadah, places Moses and Aaron above six framed biblical scenes; the surface precedes the medieval codex and has no indexed biblical text.No indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 263rFolio 263r: Esther opens below an outlined interlace arcade of lions' heads, paired winged dragons, and facing birds; the unfinished panel shows how the planned illumination was integrated with the first biblical lines.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 270vFolio 270v: Song of Songs opens inside an outlined figure-eight interlace containing armed grotesques, human-headed hybrids, musicians, and dancing animals, joining courtly imagery to the biblical opening.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 273vFolio 273v: beneath Song of Songs 8:14, a crouching stag with a leaf in its mouth turns the closing comparison to a deer into a literal marginal image.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 274rFolio 274r: Ruth opens over an unfinished, stylus-traced agricultural panel of threshing, winnowing, and gathering grain, preserving the design stage even though the drawing was never inked.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Oppenheim 14fol. 277rFolio 277r: Lamentations opens with the outlined word איכה in a black panel beside a hooded crying face and an open-mouthed lion, making mourning visible at the textual opening.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 58 verso · bird and hybrid pen drawing, British Library Harley MS 5709 (1300–1339 Torah, Five Scrolls, and haftarot with Rashi)

British Library Harley MS 5709 (1300–1339 Torah, Five Scrolls, and haftarot with Rashi)Folio 58 verso · bird and hybrid pen drawingFolio 58v: a bird holds a hairy hybrid creature in its beak, turning the commentary margin into a small narrative encounter.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 59 recto · two-headed bird pen drawing, British Library Harley MS 5709 (1300–1339 Torah, Five Scrolls, and haftarot with Rashi)

British Library Harley MS 5709 (1300–1339 Torah, Five Scrolls, and haftarot with Rashi)Folio 59 recto · two-headed bird pen drawingFolio 59r: a two-headed bird spreads its wings around marginal writing, using the animal's body as a frame for the commentary.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 83 verso · bird-bodied hybrid pen drawing, British Library Harley MS 5709 (1300–1339 Torah, Five Scrolls, and haftarot with Rashi)

British Library Harley MS 5709 (1300–1339 Torah, Five Scrolls, and haftarot with Rashi)Folio 83 verso · bird-bodied hybrid pen drawingFolio 83v: a bird-bodied hybrid with a fantastic head occupies the margin beside the running Torah and commentary.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 84 verso · lion pen drawing, British Library Harley MS 5709 (1300–1339 Torah, Five Scrolls, and haftarot with Rashi)

British Library Harley MS 5709 (1300–1339 Torah, Five Scrolls, and haftarot with Rashi)Folio 84 verso · lion pen drawingFolio 84v: a pen-drawn lion fills the inner and lower margin without displacing the central biblical column.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 146 verso · lion pen drawing, British Library Harley MS 5709 (1300–1339 Torah, Five Scrolls, and haftarot with Rashi)

British Library Harley MS 5709 (1300–1339 Torah, Five Scrolls, and haftarot with Rashi)Folio 146 verso · lion pen drawingFolio 146v: a second pen-drawn lion continues the manuscript's dispersed series of marginal animals.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 147 recto · bird pen drawing, British Library Harley MS 5709 (1300–1339 Torah, Five Scrolls, and haftarot with Rashi)

British Library Harley MS 5709 (1300–1339 Torah, Five Scrolls, and haftarot with Rashi)Folio 147 recto · bird pen drawingFolio 147r: a bird drawn in the margin forms the final member of the documented Torah drawing sequence.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 241 recto · opening of the haftarot with faint pen drawing, British Library Harley MS 5709 (1300–1339 Torah, Five Scrolls, and haftarot with Rashi)

British Library Harley MS 5709 (1300–1339 Torah, Five Scrolls, and haftarot with Rashi)Folio 241 recto · opening of the haftarot with faint pen drawingFolio 241r: a faint pen drawing of an animal or hybrid marks the physical opening of the haftarah collection; the species is not securely identifiable.Contains indexed biblical text

Volume 1, folio 1 recto, British Library Add MS 9405–9406 (1309 biblical readings from an Ashkenazi Maḥzor)

British Library Add MS 9405–9406 (1309 biblical readings from an Ashkenazi Maḥzor)Volume 1, folio 1 rectoVolume 1, folio 1r: Song of Songs opens with a huge ornamental word and a pen-drawn animal beside it.Contains indexed biblical text

Volume 1, folio 3 verso, British Library Add MS 9405–9406 (1309 biblical readings from an Ashkenazi Maḥzor)

British Library Add MS 9405–9406 (1309 biblical readings from an Ashkenazi Maḥzor)Volume 1, folio 3 versoVolume 1, folio 3v: Ruth begins below a pen-drawn fantastic animal, while the end of Song of Songs and its tapered rubric remain visible on the same surface.Contains indexed biblical text

Volume 1, folio 6 recto, British Library Add MS 9405–9406 (1309 biblical readings from an Ashkenazi Maḥzor)

British Library Add MS 9405–9406 (1309 biblical readings from an Ashkenazi Maḥzor)Volume 1, folio 6 rectoVolume 1, folio 6r: Ecclesiastes opens with a large ornamental word and a winged pen-drawn animal beside the transition from Ruth.Contains indexed biblical text

Volume 1, folio 11 verso, British Library Add MS 9405–9406 (1309 biblical readings from an Ashkenazi Maḥzor)

British Library Add MS 9405–9406 (1309 biblical readings from an Ashkenazi Maḥzor)Volume 1, folio 11 versoVolume 1, folio 11v: two pen drawings after Ecclesiastes identify David with sword and shield facing the much larger Goliath, whose body is integrated with the terminal display writing.Contains indexed biblical text

Volume 1, folio 12 recto, British Library Add MS 9405–9406 (1309 biblical readings from an Ashkenazi Maḥzor)

British Library Add MS 9405–9406 (1309 biblical readings from an Ashkenazi Maḥzor)Volume 1, folio 12 rectoVolume 1, folio 12r: Lamentations opens with the oversized word איכה and two pen-drawn mourners, one seated and one incorporated above the initial.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 215 recto · inserted Genesis manuscript with two facing pen-drawn birds, British Library Add MS 9403 (12th–13th-century Torah, haftarot, and Writings)

British Library Add MS 9403 (12th–13th-century Torah, haftarot, and Writings)Folio 215 recto · inserted Genesis manuscript with two facing pen-drawn birdsFolio 215r: two simple pen-drawn birds face one another in the lower margin beneath the inserted Genesis text, Targum, and Rashi.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 225 recto · inserted Genesis manuscript with a large pen-drawn bird, British Library Add MS 9403 (12th–13th-century Torah, haftarot, and Writings)

British Library Add MS 9403 (12th–13th-century Torah, haftarot, and Writings)Folio 225 recto · inserted Genesis manuscript with a large pen-drawn birdFolio 225r: a large pen-drawn bird fills much of the lower margin of the inserted Genesis manuscript.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio 114 recto · full-page drawing; no indexed biblical text, British Library Or. 2373 (Babylonian Writings)

British Library Or. 2373 (Babylonian Writings)Folio 114 recto · full-page drawing; no indexed biblical textFolio 114r: a full-page coloured drawing occupies a surface with no indexed biblical text.No indexed biblical text

Unrolled section 8, Gaster Hebrew MS 711 (Illustrated Esther Scroll)

Gaster Hebrew MS 711 (Illustrated Esther Scroll)Unrolled section 8Unrolled section 8: hand-coloured narrative panels frame the Esther text in a printed architectural border.Contains indexed biblical text

Decorated panel 6 — Esther 2:12–20 · Jacob’s ladder, Manchester Hebrew MS 54 (Cut-Parchment Esther Scroll)

Manchester Hebrew MS 54 (Cut-Parchment Esther Scroll)Decorated panel 6 — Esther 2:12–20 · Jacob’s ladderDecorated panel 6: cut parchment frames the Esther text beneath a scene of Jacob’s ladder.Contains indexed biblical text

Detailed section 4 — Esther 8:9–9:10 · Haman’s-sons display, Manchester Hebrew MS 44 (Illustrated Esther Scroll)

Manchester Hebrew MS 44 (Illustrated Esther Scroll)Detailed section 4 — Esther 8:9–9:10 · Haman’s-sons displayDetailed section 4: the Haman’s-sons display and surrounding paintings make rabbinic interpretive traditions visible beside Esther.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Canon. Or. 5581rFolio 81r: Jeremiah opens with an enlarged illustrated initial incorporating animal and bird forms.Contains indexed biblical text

Folio ia, Gaster Hebrew MS 322 (Trilingual Genesis and Exodus)

Gaster Hebrew MS 322 (Trilingual Genesis and Exodus)Folio iaFinal flyleaf: a small drawing places a crescent moon inside a shield on a non-biblical surface.No indexed biblical text

fol. iv r, Bodleian MS. Arch. Selden A. 47

Bodleian MS. Arch. Selden A. 47fol. iv rFolio IVr: the displaced Rashi commentary on Exodus begins inside a full-page architectural frame whose central stacked columns carry vegetal and animal ornament; its accepted-anchor biblical lemmata are separately indexed.Contains indexed biblical text

fol. iv v, Bodleian MS. Arch. Selden A. 47

Bodleian MS. Arch. Selden A. 47fol. iv vFolio IVv: small geometric panels, a winged creature, and a branching vegetal form punctuate the two columns of Rashi commentary.Contains indexed biblical text

fol. v r, Bodleian MS. Arch. Selden A. 47

Bodleian MS. Arch. Selden A. 47fol. v rFolio Vr: repeated arched commentary compartments are finished with alternating vegetal, interlace, and animal corner designs.Contains indexed biblical text

fol. v v, Bodleian MS. Arch. Selden A. 47

Bodleian MS. Arch. Selden A. 47fol. v vFolio Vv: six arched commentary compartments use individually varied birds, leaves, and geometric interlace in their lower corners.Contains indexed biblical text

fol. vi r, Bodleian MS. Arch. Selden A. 47

Bodleian MS. Arch. Selden A. 47fol. vi rFolio VIr: paired birds and beasts form a monumental central frame between four rounded commentary fields, with interlace linking the two registers.Contains indexed biblical text

fol. vi v, Bodleian MS. Arch. Selden A. 47

Bodleian MS. Arch. Selden A. 47fol. vi vFolio VIv: stacked decorated compartments flank a tall pointed central element, alternating knotwork with vegetal and animal motifs.Contains indexed biblical text

fol. vii r, Bodleian MS. Arch. Selden A. 47

Bodleian MS. Arch. Selden A. 47fol. vii rFolio VIIr: six diamond-shaped interlace medallions sit within the commentary columns; one encloses two facing birds.Contains indexed biblical text

fol. vii v, Bodleian MS. Arch. Selden A. 47

Bodleian MS. Arch. Selden A. 47fol. vii vFolio VIIv: the decorated Rashi series closes with six framed commentary compartments whose vegetal, bird, and interlace corners remain visibly distinct.Contains indexed biblical text

fol. 394v, Bodleian MS. Arch. Selden A. 47

Bodleian MS. Arch. Selden A. 47fol. 394vFolio 394v: the end of Nehemiah is paired with a zoomorphic ḥazaq formula and a framed dated colophon, making the final biblical surface both textual and pictorial.Contains indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Canon. Or. 91307rFolio 307r: Judah ben Menahem's colophon is enclosed by a monumental interlace circle and surrounded by fantastical animals, figures, floral forms, and diagram-like panels on a surface with no indexed biblical text.No indexed biblical text

Bodleian MS. Canon. Or. 91307vFolio 307v: a later writer added notes and a large freehand geometric doodle to the heavily worn reverse of the colophon leaf; the surface has no indexed biblical text.No indexed biblical text

fol. 1v, Bodleian MS. Arch. Selden A. sup. 106

Bodleian MS. Arch. Selden A. sup. 106fol. 1vFolio 1v: Ecclesiastes opens with an enlarged word inside a red, blue, green, and gold frame populated by birds, animals, and foliage.No indexed biblical text

fol. 11v, Bodleian MS. Arch. Selden A. sup. 106

Bodleian MS. Arch. Selden A. sup. 106fol. 11vFolio 11v: Esther begins in a matching colored frame with enlarged initial lettering, birds, animals, and vegetal ornament.No indexed biblical text

About Masoretica

Sources & method.

Manuscript images and metadata come from the holding institutions and digitisation projects listed below. Text and versification data come from UXLC, MAM, BIMA / Corpus Masoreticum, the Codex Sinaiticus Project, the DT-UCPH Samaritan Pentateuch, lxx-morph, and STEPBible. The viewer identifies the source used for each manuscript.

Page mapping and text recognition combine repository indexes, OCR, and transcriptions with kraken, Party, BiblIA, and other specialised HTR models. OpenAI Codex is used in developing the site and in running and reviewing this workflow.

Full source, credit, and licence links appear below.

Sources and licences

UXLC Leningrad index Leningrad scan Leningrad photography credit Aleppo page index Aleppo facsimile Codex Sassoon 1053 page index Sassoon scan Sassoon catalogue Rylands Samaritan scan Rylands Samaritan MS 2 scan Rylands Samaritan MS 4 scan Gaster Samaritan MS 1133 scan Gaster Trilingual Samaritan MS 814 scan Gaster Samaritan MS Add 1 scan Gaster Samaritan MS 1858 scan Bodley Or. 699 Samaritan scan Bodley Or. 23 Isaiah scan Kennicott 1 scan Kennicott 2 scan Kennicott 3 scan Kennicott 4 scan Kennicott 5 scan Kennicott 6 scan Kennicott 7 scan Kennicott 8 scan kraken OCR and HTR toolkit Party multilingual HTR model used for Alexandrinus BiblIA medieval Hebrew model Samaritan kraken model Greek minuscule kraken model Sinaiticus line-segmentation model Miqra according to the Masorah text BIMA / Corpus Masoreticum manuscript transcriptions · CC BY-SA 4.0 Samaritan Pentateuch reference text Alexandrinus facsimile Rahlfs 82 catalogue Rahlfs 82 digitization Vaticanus facsimile Sinaiticus edition Sinaiticus electronic transcription Septuagint reference text Greek–Hebrew verse-number crosswalk Keter Aram Tsova typeface

For scholarly use

How to cite.

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Preferred citation

Dershowitz, Idan. “Masoretica: Manuscript Explorer.” Accessed 16 August 2026. https://www.masoretica.org/.

For a specific manuscript page, use its Cite button for the complete Masoretica and holding-institution citations. Pages using BIMA also include a BIMA citation, license link, and description of changes.